Tree Insects

Identify, Manage, And Prevent Harmful Tree Insects

Tree Insects And Pests Guide

Tree insects are an essential part of any landscape’s ecosystem, but when populations grow unchecked or invasive species take hold, the health and stability of trees can suffer. Knowing which insects help and which ones harm is key to proactive tree care. This resource is designed to answer common questions about tree insects, offer identification tips, and provide prevention and control strategies tailored to tree owners in South Carolina and beyond.

Common Tree Insects And Their Effects

Sap-Sucking Insects
Sap-suckers weaken trees by feeding on plant fluids, leading to stunted growth and leaf discoloration.
- Aphids – Cause leaf curl and secrete sticky honeydew.
- Scale Insects – Appear as small bumps on bark or leaves.
- Whiteflies – Often found in clusters on the underside of leaves.
- Spider Mites – Create stippled leaves and fine webbing.
Boring Insects
These pests burrow into wood, disrupting water flow and causing structural instability.
- Emerald Ash Borer – Metallic green beetle that kills ash trees.
- Bark Beetles – Attack stressed trees, causing dieback.
- Asian Longhorned Beetle – Destroys hardwood species.
Leaf-Feeding Insects
Feeding on foliage, these insects reduce a tree’s ability to photosynthesize.
- Caterpillars – Includes tent caterpillars and gypsy moth larvae.
- Leaf Miners – Tunnel between leaf layers, leaving trails.
- Japanese Beetles – Feed on leaves, leaving a lace-like pattern.
Root-Feeding Insects
They attack from below the soil, compromising root systems and reducing nutrient uptake.
- Grubs – Feed on roots, causing sudden wilting.
- Weevils – Adults feed on leaves; larvae damage roots.
Gall-Inducing Insects
Though often more cosmetic than harmful, they can cause abnormal growths that signal stress.
- Gall Wasps – Cause abnormal growths on leaves or twigs.
- Mites – Tiny pests that create small, blistered galls.

Signs And Symptoms Of Tree Insect Infestations

Beneficial Insects For Tree Health

Nature offers its own pest control system with helpful insects like:

Ladybugs – Feed on aphids and other soft-bodied pests
Lacewings – Larvae consume large quantities of insect eggs
Parasitic Wasps – Lay eggs inside harmful insect larvae
Praying Mantises – General predators of tree pests
Ground Beetles – Feed on caterpillars and grubs in the soil

Encouraging these allies through organic gardening practices helps maintain natural balance.

Tree Pests Prevention And Control Strategies

Cultural Practices

Biological Control

Mechanical Control

Chemical Control

Schedule professional tree service.

If infestation is widespread, recurring, or involves regulated pests, consult a licensed arborist for safe and effective treatment.

Call (803) 366-3296

Seasonal Tree Pest Management Guide

Spring

Monitor new growth and apply dormant oils before bud break.

Summer

Watch for peak insect activity; treat infestations promptly.

Fall

Clean up fallen leaves and monitor for gall formation.

Winter

Conduct dormant inspections; prune and dispose of overwintering eggs.

What Are The Common Tree Insect Issues In SC

In South Carolina and the Southeastern U.S., common pest threats include:

Emerald Ash Borer (increasing spread)
Ambrosia Beetles
Pine Beetles
Scale and Aphid outbreaks in urban settings

Climate conditions—like heat, humidity, and mild winters—can accelerate insect development and extend infestation periods. Monitoring and prevention are especially important in this region.

When To Call A Professional Arborist

Seek expert assistance when:

You notice rapid tree decline
Structural damage poses a safety risk
The problem affects multiple trees or large specimens
You suspect a regulated or invasive species

A certified arborist can assess insect damage and develop a custom treatment and monitoring plan.

Need help with a tee pest issue in South Carolina?

Niwaki Tree and Shrub is here to help identify, manage, and prevent insect problems that threaten your trees. Contact us today to schedule a consultation or sign up for our seasonal care reminders and pest watch alerts.